The impact of immigration on the labour market outcomes of New Zealanders
| Nativity Groups | Nativity Groups within 24 Age*Qual Groups |
Nativity Groups within 5 Predicted Occ Groups |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OLS | IV | OLS | IV | OLS | IV | |||||||
| Employment Rate Elasticity (se) | ||||||||||||
| 140 LMA | -0.005 | 0.089 | * | -0.074 | ** | -0.165 | ** | -0.052 | ** | -0.217 | ** | |
| (0.07) | (0.05) | (0.01) | (0.05) | (0.02) | (0.07) | |||||||
| 75 TA | 0.070 | 0.176 | ** | -0.064 | ** | -0.142 | ** | -0.089 | ** | -0.241 | ** | |
| (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.01) | (0.04) | (0.02) | (0.05) | |||||||
| 58 LMA | 0.087 | 0.159 | ** | -0.079 | ** | -0.176 | ** | -0.070 | ** | -0.253 | ** | |
| (0.06) | (0.05) | (0.01) | (0.04) | (0.02) | (0.06) | |||||||
| 16 RC | 0.187 | ** | 0.182 | ** | -0.076 | ** | -0.214 | ** | -0.098 | ** | -0.285 | ** |
| (0.03) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.05) | (0.03) | (0.09) | |||||||
| Wage Elasticity (se) | ||||||||||||
| 140 LMA | -0.018 | -0.150 | ** | 0.003 | -0.068 | ** | -0.005 | -0.216 | ** | |||
| (0.06) | (0.07) | (0.01) | (0.03) | (0.01) | (0.06) | |||||||
| 75 TA | -0.037 | -0.186 | * | 0.001 | -0.034 | -0.028 | * | -0.169 | ** | |||
| (0.07) | (0.10) | (0.01) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.05) | |||||||
| 58 LMA | -0.073 | -0.192 | ** | 0.002 | -0.065 | ** | -0.023 | -0.221 | ** | |||
| (0.07) | (0.08) | (0.01) | (0.03) | (0.02) | (0.06) | |||||||
| 16 RC | -0.114 | -0.219 | ** | 0.005 | -0.058 | ** | -0.057 | * | -0.296 | ** | ||
| (0.13) | (0.10) | (0.01) | (0.03) | (0.03) | (0.11) | |||||||
| Elasticity of Substitution | ||||||||||||
| 140 LMA | 56.3 | 7.3 | -292.3 | 12.3 | 184.7 | 3.6 | ||||||
| 75 TA | 28.6 | 6.3 | -871.9 | 25.2 | 32.4 | 4.5 | ||||||
| 58 LMA | 14.8 | 6.0 | -510.0 | 12.8 | 40.8 | 3.4 | ||||||
| 16 RC | 10.4 | 5.4 | -183.8 | 13.6 | 15.9 | 2.4 | ||||||
| Labour Supply Elasticity | ||||||||||||
| 140 LMA | 0.31 | -0.59 | -23.33 | 2.42 | 10.15 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 75 TA | -1.87 | -0.95 | -59.40 | 4.17 | 3.15 | 1.43 | ||||||
| 58 LMA | -1.19 | -0.83 | -43.90 | 2.72 | 3.06 | 1.14 | ||||||
| 16 RC | -1.64 | -0.83 | -15.14 | 3.72 | 1.73 | 0.96 | ||||||
| Number of Observations (Potential Observations / Percent of Employment Covered) | ||||||||||||
| 140 LMA | 1,254 (1,260 / 100.0%) | 21,847 (30,240 / 99.7%) | 6,270 (6,300 / 100.0%) | |||||||||
| 75 TA | 657 (675 / 100%) | 14,019 (16,200 / 99.0%) | 3,285 (3,375 / 100.0%) | |||||||||
| 58 LMA | 522 (522 / 100%) | 11,108 (12,528 / 99.9%) | 2,610 (2,610 / 100%) | |||||||||
| 16 RC | 144 (144 / 100%) | 3,344 (3,456 / 100.0%) | 720 (720 / 100%) | |||||||||
Note: Each cell of the table is from a separate regression with the form of equation (9). All regressions are variance weighted by the nativity-skill-group population in each LMA in a particular year. See the note to Table 1 for more information and the text for a description of how predicted occupations are created.
** 5% Significance, * 10% Significance